1962年5月11日生，现任中国科学院近代物理研究所所长，西安交通大学理学院兼职教授、兰州大学物理科学与技术学院兼职教授、西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院兼职教授，研究方向是原子核物理。 2020年01月，当选2019中国科学年度新闻人物。

1983.7 　 毕业于四川大学物理系核物理专业，获理学学士学位；

1983.9－1984.8 在核工业部四川821厂工作，任技术员；

1984.9－1987.7 在中国科学院近代物理研究所读研究生，获硕士学位；

1987.7－1991.4 在中国科学院近代物理研究所从事重离子与固体的相互作用研究和核技术应用工作，建立了近物所首台背散射穆斯堡尔谱材料表面分析谱仪；

1991.4－1996.6 受国家教委公派和德国DAAD奖学金支持赴德国留学，在德国柏林哈恩迈特纳研究所和柏林自由大学物理系学习，获自然科学博士学位；

1996.7－1997.6 在德国柏林哈恩迈特纳研究所从事博士后工作；

1997.7－ 　在中国科学院近代物理研究所工作；

2017年10月，当选中国科学院留学人员联谊会（中国科学院欧美同学会）第一届理事会副会长。

1996年至1997年在德国柏林哈恩迈特纳核研究所从事博士后工作，研究快重离子与固体的相互作用机制和重离子激发二次电子发射机制，发现了快重离子在绝缘体中产生的径迹导向电子发射现象和核径迹势对电子发射的影响，文章发表在Phys.Rev.Lett.等期刊上。

1997年回国后在中国科学院近代物理研究所工作，负责完成了国家“九五”重大科学工程项目“兰州重离子冷却储存环”子项目束流诊断系统的研制、中科院重大改造项目“HIRFL束诊系统的改造升级”、HIRFL浅层及CSR深层重离子治癌装置的研制、高电荷态ECR源原子物理实验平台研制。参加了973国家重点基础研究发展规划项目、杰出青年基金、国家自然科学基金重点及面上课题、中科院重要方向性和重大专项等项目，主要从事基于放射性核束的核物理及应用研究、高电荷态离子与固体表面的相互作用研究、重离子束流诊断方法、重离子束应用研究等。

1999年获得中国科学院科技进步一等奖。2001年获政府特殊津贴。

肖国青主持完成的《碳离子治癌研究及大型肿瘤治疗装置研发与产业化》，获得2020年度甘肃省科学技术进步特等奖，主要获奖人员：肖国青，杨建成，李强，夏佳文，詹文龙，张红，赵红卫等

1.Zhao Y-T, Xiao G-Q, Xu Z-F, Abdul Q, Wang Y-Y, Zhang X-A, Li F-L, Zhan W-L: The electron emission yield induced by the interaction of highly charged argon ions with silicon surface. Acta Physica Sinica 2007, 56(10):5734-5738.

2.Zhao YT, Xiao GQ, Zhang XA, Yang ZH, Zhang YP, Chen XM, Zhang HQ, Cui Y, Shao JX, Xu X et al: Threshold kinetic energy for gold X-ray emission induced by highly charged ions. International Journal of Modern Physics B 2005, 19(15-17):2486-2490.

3. Zhao YT, Xiao GQ, Zhang XA, Yang ZH, Zhan WL, Li FL: Plasmon-assisted visible light emission in the interaction of highly charged ions with surfaces. International Journal of Modern Physics B 2005, 19(15-17):2491-2495.

4. Zhao YT, Xiao GQ, Zhang XA, Yang ZH, Chen XM, Li FL, Zhang YP, Zhang HQ, Cui Y, Shao JX et al: The x-ray spectra of hollow atoms. Acta Physica Sinica 2005, 54(1):85-88.

5. Zhao YT, Xiao GQ, Zhang X, Yang ZH, Zhan WL, Chen XM, Li FL: X-ray spectroscopy of hollow argon atoms formed on a beryllium surface. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2006, 245(1):72-75.

6. Zhao Y, Xiao G, Zhang X, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhan W, Chen X, Li F: X-ray emission of hollow atoms formed by highly charged argon and xenon ions below a beryllium surface. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2007, 258(1):121-124.

7. Zhao Y, Xiao G, Xu H, Zhao H, Xia J, Jin G, Ma X, Liu Y, Yang Z, Zhang P et al: An outlook of heavy ion driven plasma research at IMP-Lanzhou. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2009, 267(1):163-166.

8. Zhang X, Xiao G, Yang Z, Wang L, Zhan W: Near infrared lights emission of Ar-40(16+) impacting on metal surfaces. Science in China Series G-Physics Mechanics & Astronomy 2009, 52(7):1021-1026.

9. Zhang X, Xiao G, Yang Z, Chen X, Zhao Y, Li F, Wang L, Cui Y, Zhang H, Zhan W: X-ray spectra induced by Xe-129(q+) impacting the metal surface. Science in China Series G-Physics Mechanics & Astronomy 2008, 51(1):82-89.

10. Zhang H, Xiao G, Yuan Y, Xu H, Li Z, Lu Z, Mao R, Zhao T: The stripper design and test at HIRFL-CSR. Nuclear Science and Techniques 2010, 21(4):237-240.

11. Zhan WL, Xu HS, Xiao GQ, Xia JW, Zhao HW, Yuan YJ, Grp H-C: Progress in HIRFL-CSR. Nuclear Physics A 2010, 834(1-4):694C-700C.

12. Xu HS, Zheng C, Xiao GQ, Zhan WL, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Sun ZY, Wang JS, Gan ZG, Huang WX et al: STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF HIRFL EXPERIMENTS ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS. International Journal of Modern Physics E-Nuclear Physics 2010, 19(8-9):1802-1814.

13. Xu HS, Huang WX, Xiao GQ, Zhan WL, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Sun ZY, Wang JS, Gan ZG, Ma XW: Nuclear physics program at HIRFL. In: Nuclear Physics Trends. Edited by Ozawa A, Liu WP, vol. 1235; 2010: 159-164.

14. Xiao G-Q, Zhang H, Li Q, Song M-T, Yuan Y-J, Xia J-W, Zhan W-L: Progresses of heavy-ion cancer therapy. Chinese Physics C 2008, 32:8-12.

15. Xiao GQ, Xia JW, Yuan YJ, Mao RS, Zheng JH, Tu XL, Wang M, Huang WX, Xu HS, Zhan WL: OVERVIEW ON THE HIRFL-CSR FACILITY. International Journal of Modern Physics E-Nuclear Physics 2009, 18(2):405-410.

16. Wang YY, Zhao YT, Xiao GQ, Fang Y, Zhang XA, Wang TS, Wang SW, Peng HB: Electron emission induced by the interaction of highly charged ions Pb-207(q+) (24 ＜= q ＜= 36) with solid surface of Si(110). Acta Physica Sinica 2006, 55(2):673-676.

17. Wang YY, Xiao GQ, Zhao YT, Li DH, Zhao D, Xu ZF, Li FL: Surface nanostructure formation by the interaction of slow xenon ions on HOPG surfaces. In: 14th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions. Edited by Azuma T, Nakamura N, Yamada C, vol. 163; 2009.

18. Wang F, Zhang FS, Xiao GQ, Zhu ZY: Response of irradiated Na-2 by strong ultrashort laser pulse. Acta Physica Sinica 2001, 50(4):667-673.

19. Song ZY, Yang ZH, Xiao GQ, Xu QM, Chen J, Yang B, Yang ZR: Charge state effect on K-shell ionization of aluminum by 600-3400 keV xenon(q+) (12 ＜ q ＜ 29) ion collisions. European Physical Journal D 2011, 64(2-3):197-201.

20. Liu J-Y, Xiao G-Q, Zuo W, Li X-G: Probing the symmetrical potential in nuclear reaction iinduced by neutron-halo nuclei. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2007, 31(2):150-154.

21. Liu J-Y, Xiao G-Q, Wei Z, Guo LX: Average property of isospin effects induced by neutron-halo nuclei. Chinese Physics Letters 2006, 23(10):2710-2713.

22. Liu J-Y, Xiao G-Q, Guo W-J, Ren Z-Z, Zuo W, Lee X-G: Sensitive probe for symmetry potential. Chinese Physics Letters 2007, 24(3):660-663.

23. Li JX, Xiao GQ, Guo ZY, Zhan WL, Sun ZY, Wang M, Wang JC, Hu ZG, Li C, Chen LX et al: Experimental study of the exotic-nuclei. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2004, 28(12):1256-1260.

24. Li JX, Guo ZY, Xiao GQ, Zhan WL, Wang JS, Sun ZY, Wang M, Tian WD, Wang WS, Mao RS et al: Fitting the data of non-exotic structural nuclear total reaction cross section with a corrected Glauber model. Acta Physica Sinica 2003, 52(1):58-62.

25. Li JX, Guo ZY, Xiao GQ, Zhan WL, Sun ZY, Wang JS, Tian WD, Wang M, Chen ZQ, Wang WS et al: Measurement of total cross sections of nuclei produced by Ne-20 bombing at Be-9 target. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2002, 26(7):683-689.

26. Li C, Zhan WL, Xiao GQ, Guo ZY, Sun ZY, Li JX, Chen ZQ, Wang M, Wang WS, Mao RS et al: Two-dimension positional sensitive CsI(Tl) detector. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2005, 29(3):278-281.

27. Li C, Zhan WL, Xiao GQ, Guo ZY, Sun ZY, Li JX, Chen ZQ, Wang M, Wang WS, Mao RS et al: Measurement of total reaction cross sections for neutron-rich nucleus He-8 on Si-28. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2005, 29(10):944-947.

28. Jin YF, Xiao GQ, Li CL, Chen XX, Hou MD, Chen KQ, Wang ZG, Sun YM: Irradiation effect of HT-9 steel induced by 510 MEV carbon ions; 2003.

29. Huang W-X, Xiao G-Q, Wang Y, Tian Y-L, Zhu Z-C, Xu H-S, Zhan W-L: High precision mass measurement and LPT. Chinese Physics C 2008, 32:197-200.

30. Guo ZY, Xiao GQ, Zhan WL, Xu HS, Sun ZY, Li JX, Wang M, Chen ZQ, Mao RS, Wang WS et al: Development of beam diagnosis at RIBLL. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2003, 27(2):158-162.

31. Gao H, Xiao GQ, Zhang FS: Production cross section of neutron cluster from the reaction of light neutron rich nuclei. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2006, 30(4):314-316.

32. Fu Y, Fang DQ, Ma YG, Cai XZ, Tian WD, Wang HW, Guo W, Liu GH, Ma CW, Fan RR et al: Measurement of the longitudinal momentum distribution of S-30 after one-proton removal from Cl-31. Physical Review C 2011, 84(3).

33. Fang Y, Xiao G-Q, Xu H-S, Sun Z-Y, Zhao Y-T, Hu Z-G, Zu H-G, Huang T-H, Wang Y-Y: Study on charge equilibration time of highly charged ions in carbon foils. Chinese Physics B 2008, 17(1):148-151.

34. Dai Z-Y, Li Q, Xiao G-Q, Jin X-D, Yan Z: Capability verification of the beam delivery system in the superficially-placed tumor therapy terminal at HIRFL. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition 2007, 31(7):655-659.

2019年10月10日，中国科学院发布消息称，肖国青所在的中科院近代物理研究所及其控股公司兰州科近泰基新技术有限责任公司研制的“碳离子治疗系统”日前已获批第三类医疗器械产品注册。

这台安装于甘肃省武威肿瘤医院的医用重离子加速器，是国内首台由国家药品监督管理局批准注册的国产碳离子治疗系统。项目负责人、中科院近代物理研究所研究员肖国青介绍，重离子束拥有独特的物理和生物学特性，被认为是理想的放疗用射线。

与国际上流行的治疗系统相比，中科院研发的碳离子治疗系统采用了回旋注入与同步主加速相结合的技术路线、电荷剥离注入、紧凑型同步加速器、多治疗模式和个性化治疗室布局等独特设计，突破了国外产品的专利壁垒，提高了性价比、降低了运行维护成本，实现了国产重离子治疗设备零的突破。

首台国产碳离子治疗系统的注册上市实践了一条从“基础研究→技术研发→产品示范→产业化应用”的全产业链自主创新之路，标志着我国有了自主品牌的碳离子治疗设备，打破了我国高端放疗市场被国外产品的垄断，使我国高端医疗器械装备国产化迈出了新的步伐。